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printf ("print formatted") is a shell builtin (and utility program) that formats and prints data. It accepts a format string, which specifies methods for formatting items, and a list of items to be formatted. Named for the intention of printing to a printer, it actually outputs to stdout. Characters in the format string are copied to the output or, if a % is encountered, are used to format an item. In addition to the standard formats, %b causes printf to expand backslash escape sequences (for example \n for newline) and %q outputs an item that can be used as shell input. The ''format string'' is reused if there are more items than format specs. Unused format specs provide a zero value or null string. See printf function for more details. ==Examples== $ for NUMBER in 4 6 8 9 10 > do printf " >> %03d %d<< \n" $NUMBER $RANDOM > done >> 004 26305<< >> 006 6687<< >> 008 20170<< >> 009 28322<< >> 010 4400<< This will print a directory listing, emulating 'ls *'
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